This study was carried out as part of the gender and rights mainstreaming core program of RECOFTC -The Center for People and Forests…This study analyzes men’s and women’s specific roles, responsibilities and rights by identifying the levels of participation in using, managing and governing forests and forest resources, in the context of a community forest in Ban Thung Yao village of Northern Thailand. The study highlights gender differential roles, responsibilities, traditional knowledge and wisdom in community forestry, and its influence on resource use and management.